Обработка CAPTCHA для сбора данных спортивной статистики

Порталы спортивной статистики защищают базы данных игроков, игровые журналы и исторические записи с помощью Cloudflare Turnstile и reCAPTCHA. CAPTCHA срабатывает во время быстрых запросов к нескольким игрокам, сезонам или играм, особенно на сайтах, которые монетизируют свои данные за платным доступом. Вот как надежно собирать спортивные данные.

Шаблоны CAPTCHA на спортивных порталах

Сборщик спортивных данных

import requests
import time
import re
from dataclasses import dataclass, field

@dataclass
class PlayerStats:
    name: str
    team: str
    position: str
    stats: dict = field(default_factory=dict)
    season: str = ""
    source: str = ""

class SportsDataCollector:
    def __init__(self, api_key):
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.session = requests.Session()
        self.session.headers.update({
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"
        })

    def get_player_stats(self, portal_url, player_slug, season=None):
        """Fetch player statistics, solving CAPTCHAs as needed."""
        url = f"{portal_url}/players/{player_slug}"
        if season:
            url += f"/{season}"

        response = self.session.get(url)

        if self._is_captcha_page(response):
            response = self._solve_turnstile_and_retry(response, url)

        return self._parse_player_stats(response.text)

    def get_game_scores(self, portal_url, date):
        """Fetch all game scores for a specific date."""
        url = f"{portal_url}/scores/{date}"
        response = self.session.get(url)

        if self._is_captcha_page(response):
            response = self._solve_turnstile_and_retry(response, url)

        return self._parse_scores(response.text)

    def collect_team_roster(self, portal_url, team_slug, season):
        """Collect stats for all players on a team roster."""
        roster_url = f"{portal_url}/teams/{team_slug}/{season}/roster"
        response = self.session.get(roster_url)

        if self._is_captcha_page(response):
            response = self._solve_turnstile_and_retry(response, roster_url)

        player_slugs = self._extract_player_links(response.text)

        all_stats = []
        for slug in player_slugs:
            try:
                stats = self.get_player_stats(portal_url, slug, season)
                all_stats.append(stats)
                time.sleep(2)  # Respectful delay
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Failed for {slug}: {e}")

        return all_stats

    def _is_captcha_page(self, response):
        return (
            response.status_code == 403 or
            "cf-turnstile" in response.text or
            "challenges.cloudflare.com" in response.text
        )

    def _solve_turnstile_and_retry(self, response, url):
        match = re.search(r'data-sitekey="(0x[^"]+)"', response.text)
        if not match:
            raise ValueError("Turnstile sitekey not found")

        resp = requests.post("https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php", data={
            "key": self.api_key,
            "method": "turnstile",
            "sitekey": match.group(1),
            "pageurl": url,
            "json": 1
        })
        task_id = resp.json()["request"]

        for _ in range(60):
            time.sleep(3)
            result = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php", params={
                "key": self.api_key,
                "action": "get",
                "id": task_id,
                "json": 1
            })
            data = result.json()
            if data["status"] == 1:
                return self.session.post(url, data={
                    "cf-turnstile-response": data["request"]
                })

        raise TimeoutError("Turnstile solve timed out")

    def _parse_player_stats(self, html):
        from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")

        # Extract stat rows from tables
        stats = {}
        stat_table = soup.select_one("table.stats, #stats-table")
        if stat_table:
            headers = [th.text.strip() for th in stat_table.select("thead th")]
            for row in stat_table.select("tbody tr"):
                cells = [td.text.strip() for td in row.select("td")]
                if len(cells) == len(headers):
                    for header, value in zip(headers, cells):
                        stats[header] = value

        def text_or_empty(node):
            return node.text.strip() if node and node.text else ""

        return PlayerStats(
            name=text_or_empty(soup.select_one("h1, .player-name")),
            team=text_or_empty(soup.select_one(".team-name, .team")),
            position=text_or_empty(soup.select_one(".position, .pos")),
            stats=stats
        )

    def _parse_scores(self, html):
        from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
        games = []

        def text_or_none(node):
            return node.text.strip() if node and node.text else None

        for game in soup.select(".game-card, .scoreboard-item"):
            games.append({
                "away": text_or_none(game.select_one(".away-team")),
                "home": text_or_none(game.select_one(".home-team")),
                "away_score": text_or_none(game.select_one(".away-score")),
                "home_score": text_or_none(game.select_one(".home-score")),
                "status": text_or_none(game.select_one(".game-status"))
            })

        return games

    def _extract_player_links(self, html):
        from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
        links = []
        for a in soup.select("a[href*='/players/']"):
            slug = a["href"].rstrip("/").split("/")[-1]
            if slug and slug not in links:
                links.append(slug)
        return links


# Usage
collector = SportsDataCollector("YOUR_API_KEY")

# Get player stats
stats = collector.get_player_stats(
    "https://sports.example.com", "lebron-james", "2024"
)
print(f"{stats.name} ({stats.team}): {stats.stats}")

# Get all scores for a date
scores = collector.get_game_scores("https://sports.example.com", "2024-12-25")
for game in scores:
    print(f"{game['away']} {game['away_score']} @ {game['home']} {game['home_score']}")

Агрегатор сезонных данных (JavaScript)

class SportsAggregator {
  constructor(apiKey) {
    this.apiKey = apiKey;
  }

  async collectSeasonData(portalUrl, sport, season, teams) {
    const allData = {};

    for (const team of teams) {
      try {
        const roster = await this.getTeamStats(portalUrl, team, season);
        allData[team] = roster;
      } catch (error) {
        allData[team] = { error: error.message };
      }
      // Rate limit between teams
      await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
    }

    return allData;
  }

  async getTeamStats(portalUrl, teamSlug, season) {
    const url = `${portalUrl}/teams/${teamSlug}/${season}`;
    const response = await fetch(url);
    const html = await response.text();

    if (html.includes('cf-turnstile') || response.status === 403) {
      return this.solveAndFetch(url, html);
    }

    return this.parseTeamPage(html);
  }

  async solveAndFetch(url, html) {
    const match = html.match(/data-sitekey="(0x[^"]+)"/);
    if (!match) throw new Error('Turnstile sitekey not found');

    const submitResp = await fetch('https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php', {
      method: 'POST',
      body: new URLSearchParams({
        key: this.apiKey,
        method: 'turnstile',
        sitekey: match[1],
        pageurl: url,
        json: '1'
      })
    });
    const { request: taskId } = await submitResp.json();

    for (let i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
      await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
      const result = await fetch(
        `https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php?key=${this.apiKey}&action=get&id=${taskId}&json=1`
      );
      const data = await result.json();
      if (data.status === 1) {
        const response = await fetch(url, {
          method: 'POST',
          body: new URLSearchParams({ 'cf-turnstile-response': data.request })
        });
        return this.parseTeamPage(await response.text());
      }
    }
    throw new Error('Turnstile solve timed out');
  }

  parseTeamPage(html) {
    const players = [];
    const rowMatches = html.matchAll(/<tr[^>]*class="[^"]*player[^"]*"[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/tr>/gi);

    for (const row of rowMatches) {
      const cells = [...row[1].matchAll(/<td[^>]*>([\s\S]*?)<\/td>/gi)]
        .map(m => m[1].replace(/<[^>]+>/g, '').trim());
      if (cells.length >= 3) {
        players.push({
          name: cells[0],
          position: cells[1],
          stats: cells.slice(2)
        });
      }
    }

    return { players, count: players.length };
  }
}

// Usage
const aggregator = new SportsAggregator('YOUR_API_KEY');
const seasonData = await aggregator.collectSeasonData(
  'https://sports.example.com', 'basketball', '2024',
  ['lakers', 'celtics', 'warriors']
);

Стратегия сбора по спорту

Поиск неисправностей

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Следующие шаги

• CaptchaAI Quickstart: ваше первое решение CAPTCHA за 5 минут
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• Как решить Cloudflare Turnstile через API
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